Author: Nick

  • CLCN6 identified as disease gene for a severe form of lysosomal neurodegenerative disease

    A mutation in the CLCN6 gene is associated with a novel, particularly severe neurodegenerative disorder. Scientists from the Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) and the Max Delbrück Center für Molekulare Medizin (MDC), together with an international team of researchers, have now analyzed the effect of a point mutation that was found in three unrelated affected […]

  • Diabetes increases neuritic damage around amyloid plaques in Alzheimer’s disease

    New research from the University of Eastern Finland explores the role of diabetes in the cellular and molecular changes underlying Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In an AD mouse model, diabetes induced through a diet rich in fats and sugars weakened the accumulation of microglial cells around amyloid plaques and increased the formation of neuritic plaques with […]

  • Tau protein changes correlate with Alzheimer’s disease dementia stage

    Research into Alzheimer’s disease has long focused on understanding the role of two key proteins, beta amyloid and the tau protein. Found in tangles in patients’ brain tissue, a pathological form of the tau protein contributes to propagating the disease in the brain. In new research from their joint laboratory, Judith Steen, PhD, and Hanno […]

  • New electronic chip delivers smarter, light-powered AI

    Researchers have developed artificial intelligence technology that brings together imaging, processing, machine learning and memory in one electronic chip, powered by light. The prototype shrinks artificial intelligence technology by imitating the way that the human brain processes visual information. The nanoscale advance combines the core software needed to drive artificial intelligence with image-capturing hardware in […]

  • The long road to dementia

    Alzheimer’s disease develops over decades. It begins with a fatal chain reaction in which masses of misfolded beta-amyloid proteins are produced that in the end literally flood the brain. Researchers including Mathias Jucker from the Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research (HIH) in Tübingen and the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) show in the […]

  • Researchers Improve Neuronal Reprogramming by Manipulating Mitochondria

    The replacement of lost neurons is a holy grail for neuroscience. A new promising approach is the conversion of glial cells into new neurons. Improving the efficiency of this conversion or reprogramming after brain injury is an important step towards developing reliable regenerative medicine therapies. Researchers at Helmholtz Zentrum München and Ludwig Maximilians University Munich […]

  • 关于颜色的设想:大脑中的活动模式对于你看到的颜色来说是特定的

    描述颜色之间关系的几何学,以及支持色觉的神经机制,目前尚未盖棺定论。这项研究使用脑磁图技术对大脑活动进行测量,并对测量结果进行多变量分析,对表达色彩空间的神经的几何结构进行逆向工程。这些分析取决于确定对不同颜色的神经反应的空间模式之间的相似关系,并评估这些关系如何随时间变化。我们将结果与颜色命名中的通用模式相关联,以此来评估该方法。通过解码结果,可以解释两种显着的颜色命名模式:与通过色相和明暗度的交互作用表现出的冷色相比,对暖色进行命名的精度更高,且在红色系中更为明显。额外的实验表明,对颜色词汇的响应进行训练的分类器可以从使用有色刺激获得的数据中解码颜色,但只能在刺激发生后较长的延迟内进行。这些结果佐证了,知觉表示可以产生语义表示,但反之则不成立。综上所述,该研究结果揭示了一种动态几何结构,该几何结构为颜色外观提供了神经相关性,并提出了有关颜色空间结构的新假设。

  • 科学家发现控制大脑大小的新机制

    一项由丹麦科学家领导的国际研究,在理解控制所谓大脑皮层发育的复杂机制方面迈出了重要的一步。大脑皮层是大脑在注意力,知觉,意识,思想,记忆和语言中起关键作用的部分。研究结果刚刚发表在国际认可的杂志《Nature Communications》上。 科学家们从一个大家庭的遗传分析开始,在这个大家庭中,孩子出生时患有小头畸形,一种罕见的先天性脑部疾病,其特征在于大脑皮层大小减小和不同程度的认知功能障碍。科学家发现,这些孩子是RRP7A基因的两个拷贝中都有突变的携带者,通过使用干细胞培养物和斑马鱼作为模型生物,RRP7A被证明在脑干细胞的增殖,并形成新的神经元中起着关键作用。这个过程非常复杂,轻微的干扰可能会带来严重的后果,这可以解释为什么突变会影响大脑,而不会影响其他组织器官。

  • 美国黑人孕妇胆碱水平低与压力高有关

    科罗拉多大学安舒兹大学医学院的研究人员发现,许多怀孕的黑人美国人胆碱含量低,胆碱是有助于婴儿产前大脑发育的必需营养素,这可能与制度种族主义所引起的压力有关。 该研究还发现胆碱水平低与应激激素皮质醇水平升高有关,较高的皮质醇促使母亲将胆碱保持在肝脏中而不是将其输送给婴儿。目前,该研究发表于《Schizophrenia Bulletin》。 该研究的主要负责人Robert Freedman教授说:“美国黑人女性的皮质醇升高和胆碱水平降低的可能原因之一是制度种族主义的负担及其所引起的长期潜意识压力。” 据悉,胆碱水平较低的妇女平均早产两周,且会增加婴儿的注意力缺陷障碍和其他儿童期精神健康问题的风险。

  • 动物模型中, 地中海饮食有助于减轻压力的影响

    据美国心理学会称,即便在新冠流行和总统大选之前,美国人就报告了世界最高等级的压力水平。压力不仅会对工作和人际关系产生负面影响,还会增加许多慢性病(如心脏病和阿尔茨海默氏病)的风险,并伴有更高的死亡率。 根据维克森林医学院的一项研究,地中海饮食可能会提供一种相对简单的方法来帮助减轻压力的生理影响并促进健康的衰老。该项研究是在可控制的实验条件下,对比长期食用西式或地中海饮食对压力的影响的首个临床前试验,现已发表在《Neurobiology of Stress》上。